BRIC-National Institute of Immunology’s Post

🌟 Exciting News in Aging Research! 🌟 In a recent study published in Nature, Anissa Widjaja and her colleagues discovered that inhibiting the signaling of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-11 can significantly extend both the healthspan and lifespan of mammals. This groundbreaking research provides new, and rare, insights into the molecular mechanisms of aging and offers promising avenues for therapeutic interventions. 🔬 Study Highlights: IL-11's Role: As mammals age, IL-11 levels increase across various tissues, activating pathways that contribute to aging-related diseases and frailty. Experimental Findings: Genetic deletion of IL-11 or its receptor (IL11ra1) in mice not only protected against metabolic decline and multimorbidity but also extended their lifespan by an average of 24.9%. Therapeutic Potential: Treating aged mice with anti-IL-11 antibodies improved metabolism, muscle function, and reduced aging biomarkers, extending the median lifespan of males by 22.5% and females by 25%. #AgingResearch https://lnkd.in/eKiBhaGh

How does brown #adipose tissue (#BAT) promote #metabolic health, independent of #thermogenesis? With help from the Sable Promethion Metabolic Cage System, a new paper in Cell reveals how metabolites synthesized from branched-chain amino acids in BAT #mitochondria affect systemic #insulin sensitivity via the #liver, without changing #bodyweight or #energyexpenditure. Intriguingly, #obesity attenuated metabolite synthesis in BAT, while #cold temperatures increased it, demonstrating a thermogenesis-independent route by which BAT regulates systemic #metabolism and #insulinresistance. https://ow.ly/TyW250RuBBw #indirectcalorimetry #homeostasis #aminoacid #BCAA #bioenergetics #diabetes #physiology

IMMUNO HEAMATOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF MONOCYTES * A variety of enzymes have been detected but they are particularly rich in LIPASES and are particularly active against bacteria possessing a membrane rich in fat e.g T.B * Glycogen is present but probably less than it's found in the neutrophil. * In contrast to the neutrophil, monocyte do not possess alkaline phosphatase. * Monocytes are actively phagocytic and are capable of ingestion of a large variety of substances eg bacteria, yeasts, fungi and even red cells or other leucocytes. Such active monocytes are known as MACROPHAGES or CLASMATOCYTES and are related to the tissue histocytes. * Monocytes are concerned with chronic infections e.g TB and the giant cell characterizing tuberculosis appears to be derived from the monocytes/ histiocytic elements. Kehinde Ogunkoya Kenny Ogun Laboratory Complex Science And Technology Village. No 1, Kenny Ogun Laboratory Street, Iiupeju Elega Abeokuta Ogun State Tel: 08033809473,07053125844 Email : kennyogunlab@gmail.com

📢 Original article Sharing-Vol. 29 No. 7 💕 Title: Methyl Syringate: A Primary Driving Factor in Manuka Honeys Ability to Ameliorate Neutrophil Intracellular ROS Activity and NETosis 🤵 Authors: Evan Main, James Huang, Gary Bowlin* of The University of Memphis 🔔 Full Text: https://lnkd.in/gETvXVD4 🔑 Keywords: neutrophils NETosis ROS host-biomaterial response inflammation Manuka honey biomaterial additives antioxidants 😎Welcome to your reading! #Bioscience #biomedicalscience #biochem #medicalscience #ScienceCommunication #Biochemistry #StemCell #Virology #CancerResearch #immunology #Genetics #MolecularBiology #Microbiology #medicine #health #CellularHealth #CellCancer

A NEW TOOL TO STUDY PHAGOCYTOSIS: K14 inhibits bacterial killing #Phagocytosis comprises several steps: #bacteria are first recognised, introduced into #phagosomes and eliminated. The many players involved in each phase make the study of phagocytosis complex. 🔬 In a recent study published in Plos One, Professor Pierre Cosson's team discovered a new chemical compound that inhibits bacterial destruction in their phagocytosis model, the amoeba #Dictyostelium discoideum. 🛡️ K14 specifically inhibits the destruction of bacteria within phagosomes by reducing the activity of #proteases, specific enzymes involved in the degradation of ingested bacteria. 🛠️ These observations not only confirm the key role of proteases in bacterial killing but have also led to the discovery of a compound, 🧪 K14, that can be used in the future to study the role of different proteases in bacterial killing and to better understand the phagocytic process. 🔗 Read the summary and more about their research here: https://lnkd.in/d6xNfsPv 🔗 And the full article here: https://lnkd.in/djnHtSh9 Authors: Estelle Ifrid, PhD, Hajer Ouertatani, Hiba Zein El Dine, Tania Jauslin, Gianpaolo Chiriano, MBA PhD PharmD MA, Leonardo. Scapozza, Otmane Lamrabet Ph.D, Pierre Cosson. Geneva Centre for Inflammation Research - UNIGE, Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculté de médecine - UNIGE, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva

Untargeted faecal metabolomics for the discovery of biomarkers and treatment targets for inflammatory bowel diseases. The gut microbiome has been recognised as a key component in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), and the wide range of metabolites produced by gut bacteria are an important mechanism by which the human microbiome interacts with host immunity or host metabolism. High-throughput metabolomic profiling and novel computational approaches now allow for comprehensive assessment of thousands of metabolites in diverse biomaterials, including faecal samples. Several groups of metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan metabolites and bile acids, have been associated with IBD. In this Recent Advances article, we describe the contribution of metabolomics research to the field of IBD, with a focus on faecal metabolomics. We discuss the latest findings on the significance of these metabolites for IBD prognosis and therapeutic interventions and offer insights into the future directions of metabolomics research. Source: Gut https://lnkd.in/eH7Mryzp

📖 Paper highlight from LMP!   Cytosolic retention of HtrA2 during mitochondrial protein import stress triggers the DELE1-HRI pathway 🔗 https://lnkd.in/grkYnSiW Mitochondrial stress inducers such as carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) and oligomycin trigger the DELE1-HRI branch of the integrated stress response (ISR) pathway. Previous studies performed using epitope-tagged DELE1 showed that these stresses induced the cleavage of DELE1 to DELE1-S, which stimulates HRI. Here, we report that mitochondrial protein import stress (MPIS) is an overarching stress that triggers the DELE1-HRI pathway, and that endogenous DELE1 could be cleaved into two forms, DELE1-S and DELE1-VS, the latter accumulating only upon non-depolarizing MPIS. Surprisingly, while the mitochondrial protease OMA1 was crucial for DELE1 cleavage in HeLa cells, it was dispensable in HEK293T cells, suggesting that multiple proteases may be involved in DELE1 cleavage. In support, we identified a role for the mitochondrial protease, HtrA2, in mediating DELE1 cleavage into DELE1-VS, and showed that a Parkinson's disease (PD)-associated HtrA2 mutant displayed reduced DELE1 processing ability, suggesting a novel mechanism linking PD pathogenesis to mitochondrial stress. Our data further suggest that DELE1 is likely cleaved into DELE1-S in the cytosol, while the DELE1-VS form might be generated during halted translocation into mitochondria. Together, this study identifies MPIS as the overarching stress detected by DELE1 and identifies a novel role for HtrA2 in DELE1 processing.   ✍ LMP authors: Yuntian Bi, Samuel Killackey, Linus Schweizer, Dana Philpott and Stephen Girardin 📑 Journal: Communications Biology Read more from the Girardin Lab: https://lnkd.in/gvNX-GJ9 [Photo: Dr. Stephen Girardin (left) and Dr. Sam Killackey (left)]

𝐆𝐮𝐭 𝐦𝐢𝐜𝐫𝐨𝐛𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐚𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐬 𝐜𝐨𝐦𝐛𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐝 𝐰𝐢𝐭𝐡 𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐨𝐥𝐨𝐦𝐢𝐜𝐬 𝐫𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐚𝐥 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐦𝐞𝐜𝐡𝐚𝐧𝐢𝐬𝐦 𝐨𝐟 𝐬𝐭𝐚𝐜𝐡𝐲𝐨𝐬𝐞 𝐨𝐧 𝐛𝐥𝐨𝐨𝐝 𝐝𝐞𝐟𝐢𝐜𝐢𝐞𝐧𝐜𝐲 💡 Stachyose (ST), a natural compound found in cucumbers and legumes, has emerged as a promising therapeutic agent with diverse biological activities. In this study, researchers investigated the potential of ST in ameliorating blood deficiency syndrome (BDS) induced by #cyclophosphamide (CP) and #acetylphenylhydrazine (APH) in a rat model. They explored its effects on hematopoietic growth factors, immune markers, spleen morphology, and gut microbiota composition to unravel its underlying mechanisms of action. 📍 Key Findings: 1. ST treatment significantly increased red blood cell (RBC), white blood cell (WBC), hemoglobin (HGB), and hematocrit (HCT) levels, which are typically reduced in BDS induced by CP and APH. 2. Splenomegaly, a common manifestation of BDS, was alleviated by ST administration, indicating its potential to reduce the severity of anemia by improving spleen function. 3. Analysis of serum biochemical indices revealed significant increases in levels of erythropoietin (EPO), granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the ST-treated group, suggesting its immunomodulatory effects. 4. ST administration promoted the recovery of erythropoiesis by boosting the synthesis and secretion of EPO in the bone marrow, and increased G-CSF levels to enhance granulocyte haematopoietic function. 5. The modulation of gut microbiota composition by ST was characterized by a reduction in 𝘍𝘪𝘳𝘮𝘪𝘤𝘶𝘵𝘦𝘴 abundance and an increase in 𝘉𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘦𝘳𝘰𝘪𝘥𝘦𝘵𝘦𝘴 abundance, along with changes in specific genera such as 𝘓𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘰𝘣𝘢𝘤𝘪𝘭𝘭𝘶𝘴 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘚𝘵𝘢𝘱𝘩𝘺𝘭𝘰𝘤𝘰𝘤𝘤𝘶𝘴. 6. Metabolomic analysis revealed alterations in amino acid metabolism, particularly phenylalanine metabolism, suggesting a potential mechanism through which ST regulates BDS. 7. ST exhibited a multifaceted improvement effect on BDS, including enhancing immune levels, improving spleen function, and alleviating pathological changes, likely through its modulation of phenylalanine metabolism and correction of gut microbial imbalances. 📍 Methodology: - BDS was induced in rats using CP and APH, followed by treatment with different doses of ST. - Blood parameters, spleen morphology, serum biochemical indices, and immune markers were quantified to assess the therapeutic effects of ST. - 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to analyze gut microbiota composition. - Untargeted serum and spleen metabolomics techniques were used to investigate metabolite changes. EXPLORE THE STUDY : https://lnkd.in/gdJw3HCM #guthealth #gutmicrobiome #microbiome #dysbiosis #gutmetabolites #guthealthmatters #microvioma Maneesh Paul. S., Ph.D., Wensen Zhang, Na Cui, Fazhi Su , Yanping Sun, Biao Li, Meng Liu, Yuanning Zeng

The rise in multidrug-resistant bacteria has led to a renewed interest in bacteriophages as anti-bacterial treatments due to their diverse nature. Researchers are exploring the importance of a phage's evolvability, reproductive rate, and thermostability in selecting effective phages. Studies show that both evolvability and reproductive rate play crucial roles in a phage's ability to suppress bacterial populations. Phages with high evolvability and reproductive rates were most effective, despite being unstable. Different phages showed varying resistance evolution patterns and abilities to counteract resistance. The adaptability of biological therapeutics, like phages, in response to challenges like resistance evolution, highlights the potential for enhancing their effectiveness through engineered evolvability. https://buff.ly/3XTnyLq

New product alert! Protonex™ Lyso-Red 670 is a cell-permeable, far-red fluorescent probe that selectively stains and visualizes acidic organelles within live cells, notably lysosomes. https://lnkd.in/eDUZHktm #lysosomes #newproduct #biology #fluorescence